Wrought Commercially Pure Titanium Grade Properties

Compare the four commercially pure grades

Commercially pure titanium Grades 1 through 4 are unalloyed grades with different oxygen limits and strength levels. This supplier comparison reports minimum tensile and yield values rising from Grade 1 through Grade 4. The listed elongation values move in the opposite direction, so strength and formability should be considered together rather than choosing a grade from one number alone.

The table uses the supplier’s stated comparison values for annealed material at room temperature. Grade 1 is the most ductile of the four; Grade 4 is the strongest CP grade. The rows are a starting point for material screening, not a guarantee for every product.

Check the product form and specification

Mechanical requirements depend on the governing product specification, form, thickness and condition. Bar, plate and sheet may be covered by different ASTM or AMS documents and can have different acceptance limits. Confirm the exact specification and revision on the material certificate before calculating or releasing a part.

UNS numbers identify the alloy family, while the product specification defines the ordered product and its requirements. Do not substitute an UNS match for the full grade, form and condition shown on the drawing or purchase order.

Confirm hardness separately

This comparison leaves hardness out because the available supplier references are inconsistent. A hardness value depends on product form, condition and test method, and it should not be inferred from tensile strength.

For a controlled design or inspection plan, use certified properties and hardness results for the actual heat and product form. This table is a compact screening comparison, not a design allowable.

Read the values as minimums, not a full property card

The tensile and yield entries are minimum supplier comparison values; they are not a complete stress-strain curve. Elongation is the minimum reported in a 2-inch test length. The table does not include fracture toughness, fatigue strength, creep, thermal properties or corrosion rates.

Grade 2, Grade 3 and Grade 4 strength values are meaningfully different even though each is commercially pure. Keep the specified grade attached to each calculation and confirm the product standard before replacing a material.

Match the grade to the order documents

The grade number should appear together with a product form and specification, such as bar or sheet under the applicable ASTM or AMS document. Material that shares the same UNS designation can still have different requirements when it is ordered to a different product standard.

The supplier comparison is a screening aid. Before procurement, confirm the exact specification, revision, thickness range, heat treatment and certification requirements on the drawing and purchase order.

Keep the test basis visible

The source states annealed condition at room temperature. These values should not be used for elevated-temperature design or for cold-worked, welded or otherwise processed material without a supporting source. Fabrication can affect strength and ductility.

If a design depends on the difference between two grades, verify the values against the governing specification and actual certificate. Preserve units and test-length basis when copying properties into a calculation or material database.

What this comparison does not establish

The listed strength minima do not establish allowable stress, safety factor, weld strength, forming limit or service life. Those depend on geometry, loading, environment, processing and the applicable design code.

Use the table to narrow a material search, then use the governing engineering standard and certified product information for the final selection. When values differ, follow the specified product standard rather than blending data from multiple references.

Source and scope

Source: ESPI Metals, Titanium – Commercially Pure; Titanium Industries, commercially pure titanium grade reference. Use the source edition and conditions stated in the table.